Since the time of Democritus of Abdera (460-370 BC) it has been postulated that the Universe is comprised of elemental components or particles which - though they may be profoundly small in nature - are not infinitely divisible. Before the smallest non-empty set can be assembled, there must exist an individual element with which the set may be populated,

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a singular existence not composed of independent parts, a physical manifestation which consists only of itself, an elemental identity which I call an 'entity'.

The material objects with which we interact in our daily environment are composites. A chair, for example, is the label we use to conveniently describe a set of parts including a seat, legs, back and arms. If its construction is of wood, then those parts are made of sets labeled ‘cells’ which are comprised of sets called ‘molecules’ which are formed by sets of ‘atoms’, whose components have been theoretically superseded as elemental particles by quark and lepton groups populated by sub-sets of even smaller particles and anti-particles. The prevailing assumption of the Standard Model of Particle Physics is that fundamental particles must be structureless, the essence of simplicity. And as quantum 'mechanics' experiment with the microcosm, they tend to interpret their results accordingly.

But what is today commonly believed about fundamental particles is actually more conjecture than theory. Physicists grudgingly confess that many of their theoretical components are presumed to exist solely because they make the equations work. And if the basic assumptions are flawed, then their hypothetical particles may just be spurious phantoms of esoteric formulae and the Standard Model they describe may be little more than a sophisticated misinterpretation of empirical data. This may be the reason why the more widely accepted theories produce such contrived and convoluted models as "String Theory" and "M Theory" - abstract paradigms that depend upon exotic elements and imperceptible extra dimensions that rival the fertile fantasies of Lewis Carroll and Jules Verne.

If the fundamental elements of the Universe were structureless and homogeneous, they would also be indifferentiable, inert, incapable of change, and the cosmos would be a static and timeless environment. On the other hand, if elemental particles do, indeed, have sub-structure, then how could they possibly be things comprised only of themselves?

The explanation is found within the architecture of existence.

The realm of cause and effect is universally governed by a simple basic principle called the 'Balance of Nature'. This obvious but often ignored element of equilibrium courses throughout the very fabric of the cosmos. For every left there exists a right. For every to there is a fro. For every up there is a down. For every measure of distance point 'A' is separated from point 'B', point 'B' is an equal and opposite distance from point 'A'. For every conceivable vector or numeric value there exists an opposite equivalent. Newton captured the essence of natural balance when he codified the law of physics which states every action precipitates a reciprocal event - an equal and opposite reaction. And it's not by mere coincidence that mathematics - the language of science - encodes logic into a device called an equation which requires its elements to be equivalent on opposite sides of the argument. From simple addition to quantum mechanics, reciprocal balance is a prevailing dynamic which even the rules of cause and effect must obey. It is the most fundamental of all natural laws, the very cornerstone of logic.

The way things act and react reflects their nature, the inherent properties of their being. If the realm of cause and effect is universally governed by natural balance, then the source of that equilibrium must reside within the very architecture of existence - within the composition of the qualities, themselves. Reality is usually measured within the parameters of three basic criteria - what (quality), how much (quantity) and where (dimensional position and configuration). Quantitatively and dimensionally reciprocal balance is obvious - there is a negative equivalent for every positive value and an opposite for every vector. If reciprocal balance invisibly applies to qualitative values as it apparently does to the other intrinsic properties of existence, then for every qualitative value there should exist an opposite equivalent. And, indeed, contemporary physics does view the material world as particles of matter and anti-matter. Each type of particle has an opposite and when the two collide, their mass is converted into energy. But there seems to be a whole lot more matter than anti-matter floating around the cosmos and, in fact, particles and anti-particles aren't truly counter-valent beings, they are simply elements which react to each other by changing condition. If they were truly opposite existences they would 'annihilate' on contact. Their properties would totally disappear. They would cease to exist.

Just as you would expect every action to be offset by an equal and opposite reaction within the realm of an event, we would expect qualitative balance to reside within the physical boundary of an entity - not be disbursed between two or more separate existences as independent particles and anti-particles. We wouldn't normally be able to tell a quality from its anti-quality by just looking at it, but with the use of a little color coding I will try to illustrate the concept of reciprocal qualitative values :

Within the realm of subtractive colors, the opposite (negative) of the color quality MAGENTA is GREEN. Equivalent proportions of MAGENTA and GREEN produce BLACK. But GREEN is, itself, an equal mixture of the colors CYAN and YELLOW.

Just as the quantitative value of Ø is equivalent to two opposing numbers (+1) + (-1), the qualitative value of BLACK is equivalent to three opposing colors MAGENTA + CYAN + YELLOW. All of the opposing sub-elements must be present in precisely equal proportion in order to reciprocally balance each other and maintain a null value. Of course the number of opposing sub-elements within a fundamental particle may not be limited in scope to two - or three - or any other finite number.

The concept of reciprocal balance requires every instance of being within an entity to have an opposite equivalent - but instead of each point having a diametric opposite (two defined points offsetting each other), the opposing value of any given point in an element may be distributed among the sub-qualities of the entire set of remaining points. Just as in the illustration above, if any point in the color wheel is removed, the sum of the remaining colors would not be 'perfectly black', its value would be something other than null and a law of nature would be broken. The very existence of each point within the element is co-dependent upon the existence of the remainder of the parcel. Every moment of physical presence in the element is an interdependent contributor to the perfection of its balance. And it is that natural balance - not structureless homogeneity - which defines it as a single existence, a unique instance of null value - something which is not whole unless all of it is encompassed, an element comprised only of itself.

Fundamental particles must be truly 'in-dividual'. They are not comprised of independent components, so no portion of an elemental entity could ever be separated from the remainder. When a composite is severed, as in slicing a loaf of bread or tearing a piece of paper, electromagnetic forces holding independent particles in proximity to each other are overcome by the force of the device used to separate the material. But the field of existence within an entity is continuous. To cleave a fundamental particle, something must be inserted between two of its continuous points. Two independent existences cannot occupy the same space, so the point you are attempting to cleave would simply move. To sever an entity at a point within its domain would require the point of separation to physically cease to exist, and if cause and effect is a function of existence, then before the most infinitesimal point of being could be annihilated, it would lose its ability to change or be changed.

There is a basic law of physics which states two things cannot simultaneously occupy the same space. But two points of existence within a fundamental particle are not 'two things', they are mutually co-dependent instances of the same element - two parts of the same identity. The rules of conduct within an entity may be very different from those which govern the interaction between two entities. Internally, an entity's sub-qualities have the ability to morph or blend like the illustration above to produce a vast range of different conditions or states of being.

It is natural balance which defines an entity - not homogeneity. Unlike those facile examples of structureless simplicity touted by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, reciprocal symmetry suggests a limitless spectrum of dynamic elements both material and ethereal in nature, a wondrous cosmic fabric of infinite variety.

For every value V( + ) there exists an equal and opposite value or set of values V( - ) such that: The sum of all value in the Universe is equivalent to the 'null' set

The phenomenon of existence is explained by a principle - not a process. That necessary but indefinite primordial element we call "nothing" is simply an abstract interpretation of the symmetrical balance that pervades the structure of the Universe. The existence of nothing requires no justification - it is essentially natural and intrinsically logical. Nothing is, in fact, the common essence of every element in the cosmic spectrum and it is the fulcrum of an eternally balanced perpetual system.

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